Bharatiya Loktantra Mein V.V.P.A.T. Aur E.V.M. Ki Vartamaan Pariprekshya Mein Ek Adhyayan

Abstract

Bharatiya Loktantra Vishva ke sabse bade loktantrik tantron mein se ek hai, jahan niyamit, swatantra evam nishpaksh chunav loktantrik shasan ki aadharshila hain. Bharat jaise vishal desh mein karodon matdataon dwara matdan ki prakriya ko sucharu, tvarit, pardarshi aur vishvasniya banane ke liye Electronic Voting Machine (EVM) tatha Voter Verifiable Paper Audit Trail (VVPAT) ka prayog mahatvapurn chunavi sudhar ke roop mein vikasit hua hai. EVM ne paramparik matpatra pranali se judi anek vyavaharik samasyaon, jaise matpatron ki chhapai, parivahan, amanya maton tatha matganna mein adhik samay lagne jaisi kathinaiyon ko kam kiya hai. Doosri or, VVPAT ne electronic matdan ko ek bhautik kagazi satyapan vyavastha se jodkar matdata ko yah dekhne ka avsar diya hai ki uska mat uski pasand ke ummeedvar ke paksh mein darj hua hai. Vartaman Bharatiya chunavi paridrishya mein EVM aur VVPAT keval takniki upkaran nahi hain, balki chunavi pardarshita, matdata vishvas aur loktantrik vaidhata se jude mahatvapurn sansthagat sadhan hain. Nirvachan Aayog ke anusar, vartaman mein M3 model EVM tatha VVPAT ka prayog kiya jata hai aur machinein swatantra, stand-alone tatha network se asambaddh hoti hain. Nirvachan prakriya mein First Level Checking, randomisation, mock poll, strong room ki suraksha tatha VVPAT satyapan jaisi anek vyavasthayen lagu hain. Sarvochch Nyayalaya ne April 2024 mein EVM voton ki vyapak VVPAT ganna athva matpatra pranali mein vapasi ki maang ko svikar nahi kiya aur maujooda vyavastha mein parivartan ka aadesh dene se inkar kiya. Nyayalaya ne praman, tark aur rachanatmak sudhar par aadharit drishtikon ko mahatva diya.